L’analyse du discours des élections présidentielles en Pologne

Le discours des élections présidentielles est en Pologne un objet de description depuis 1990. Dans les sciences politiques et de la communication, la sociologie et la rhétorique, il est toujours situé par rapport au langage de la propagande communiste dans les années soixante-dix/quatre-vingt. L’analyse du discours des présidentielles est centrée sur les débats télévisés entre les candidats, elle est interdisciplinaire, emprunte ses outils à la rhétorique et se préoccupe de la dimension éthique de la communication politique.The discourse of Polish presidential election campaigns has been studied in Poland since the 1990s. Investigators in the fields of political science, communication science, sociology and rhetoric always compare it with the speech used in Communist propaganda in the 1970s and 1980s. The analysis of the discourse used during the presidential elections concentrates on the televised debate between candidates, is interdiciplinary in scope, draws on the tools of rhetoric and attaches great importance to the ethical dimension of political communication.El discurso de las campañas presidenciales polacas constituye en Polonia un objeto de estudio desde el principio de los años noventa. Las ciencias políticas y de la comunicación, la sociología y la retórica suelen tomar como punto de referencia el lenguaje de la propaganda comunista de los años 1970-1980. El análisis del discurso de las campañas presidenciales se centra en los debates televisivos entre los candidatos, es interdisciplinario, toma las herramientas de la retórica y se preocupa por la dimensión ética de la comunicación política

Oznaczanie wybranych metali toksycznych, związków nieorganicznych i organicznych w żywności

Skrypt jest przeznaczony dla studentów Politechniki Łódzkiej, Wydziału Biotechnologii i Nauk o Żywności oraz innych Wydziałów Politechnik i Uniwersytetów, a także Uczelni Rolniczych. Mogą z niego również korzystać pracownicy laboratoriów badawczych oraz przemysłowych.Skrypt jest przeznaczony dla studentów Politechniki Łódzkiej, Wydziału Biotechnologii i Nauk o Żywności oraz innych Wydziałów Politechnik i Uniwersytetów, a także Uczelni Rolniczych. Ćwiczenia mają za zadanie zapoznanie studentów z podstawowymi metodami wykrywania wybranych związków, metali oraz ich oznaczania w produktach spożywczych. W skrypcie opisany został proces mineralizacji próbek środowiskowych. W części eksperymentalnej ćwiczenia laboratoryjne są poprzedzone materiałem teoretycznym, który ma za zadanie ułatwić studentom zrozumienie wykonywanego oznaczenia oraz pracę w laboratorium. Końcowy rozdział zawiera zaproponowane przez Autorów pytania kontrolne mające na celu utrwalenie materiału zawartego w skrypcie

Biospeckle Activity of Highbush Blueberry Fruits Infested by Spotted Wing Drosophila (<i>Drosophila suzukii</i> Matsumura)

In this study, the potential of the biospeckle phenomenon for detecting fruit infestation by Drosophila suzukii was examined. We tested both graphical and analytical approaches to evaluate biospeckle activity of healthy and infested fruits. As a result of testing the qualitative approach, a generalized difference method proved to be better at identifying infested areas than Fujii’s method. Biospeckle activity of healthy fruits was low and increased with infestation development. It was found that the biospeckle activity index calculated from spatial-temporal speckle correlation of THSP was the best discriminant of healthy fruits and fruits in two different stages of infestation development irrespective of window size and pixel selection strategy adopted to create the THSP. Other numerical indicators of biospeckle activity (inertia moment, absolute value of differences, average differences) distinguished only fruits in later stage of infestation. Regular values of differences turned out to be of no use in detecting infested fruits. We found that to provide a good representation of activity it was necessary to use a strategy aimed at random selection of pixels gathered around the global maximum of biospeckle activity localized on the graphical outcome. The potential of biospeckle analysis for identification of highbush blueberry fruits infested by D. suzukii was confirmed

Biospeckle Activity of Highbush Blueberry Fruits Infested by Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii Matsumura)

In this study, the potential of the biospeckle phenomenon for detecting fruit infestation by Drosophila suzukii was examined. We tested both graphical and analytical approaches to evaluate biospeckle activity of healthy and infested fruits. As a result of testing the qualitative approach, a generalized difference method proved to be better at identifying infested areas than Fujii&rsquo;s method. Biospeckle activity of healthy fruits was low and increased with infestation development. It was found that the biospeckle activity index calculated from spatial-temporal speckle correlation of THSP was the best discriminant of healthy fruits and fruits in two different stages of infestation development irrespective of window size and pixel selection strategy adopted to create the THSP. Other numerical indicators of biospeckle activity (inertia moment, absolute value of differences, average differences) distinguished only fruits in later stage of infestation. Regular values of differences turned out to be of no use in detecting infested fruits. We found that to provide a good representation of activity it was necessary to use a strategy aimed at random selection of pixels gathered around the global maximum of biospeckle activity localized on the graphical outcome. The potential of biospeckle analysis for identification of highbush blueberry fruits infested by D. suzukii was confirmed

Diagnostics of a Domestic Hot Water Storage Tank under Operating Conditions

This paper presents a new method for the diagnostics of a hot water storage tank under operating conditions. Depending on the operating point of the tank, the method enables determination of thermal conductivity coefficients of the coil heat exchanger, which allows us to determine the intensity of heat transfer between the transfer medium and water in the tank as well as of tank walls, which consequently enables determination of heat losses to the environment. Furthermore, the dynamic properties of the tank may also be determined by applying this method. The advantage of this method is possibility of analyzing changes in the material constants of the coil heat exchanger, tank walls, and dynamic properties of the tank as a function of mass flow of the medium supplying the coil heat exchanger. The possibility of determining coefficients of thermal conductivity as well as the inertia of tank and exchanger, based on temperature measurements acquired in operating conditions is a novelty in this paper. Knowing the variability of material constants and of dynamic properties of the tank as a function of medium flow rate allows multicriteria optimization to be performed which, with a conventional design of the tank, results in a reduction of up to 10% in the time taken to prepare domestic hot water

MLP artificial neural networks in predicting the yield if spring barley

U roślin zbożowych, poszczególne cechy plonotwórcze oraz struktura morfologiczna kłosa kształtują się w określonych fazach rozwojowych, które zachodzą w zmiennych warunkach środowiska. Interakcja genotypu z biotycznymi i abiotycznymi czynnikami środowiska w trakcie trwania okresu wegetacji roślin również wpływa na kształtowanie się wielkości plonu. W niniejszej pracy dokonano aproksymacji wielkości plonu na podstawie cech, charakteryzujących nie tylko okres wegetacji roślin, ale także fazę ich pełnej dojrzałości. Do aproksymacji wykorzystano sieć MLP o bardzo prostej topologii, wynikającej zarówno z liczby, jak i struktury dostępnych danych. Efekt wytrenowania sieci był pozytywny. Uzyskane wyniki wyraźnie wskazują, iż sieć typu MLP może służyć jako narzędzie wspomagające prognozowanie plonu jęczmienia jarego.In cereal plants, individual yielding characteristics and the morphological structure of the spike are formed in certain phases of development, which occur in varying environmental conditions. The interaction of genotype with the biotic and abiotic environmental factors during the period of vegetation also affects the formation of yield. In this paper we approximate the yield on the basis of traits that characterize not only the vegetation period, but also the phase of full maturity. For the approximation, an MLP network with a very simple topology, resulting from both the number and structure of available data, was used. The effect of network training was positive. The results obtained show clearly that the MLP network may be used as a support tool for the prediction of the yield of spring barley

The application of orthogonal contrasts to determine homogeneous groups

The paper presents a modified approach to analysis of data obtained from experiments carried out according to classical factorial designs. Four examples were discussed in order to present details of proposed method. Modification of the analysis of variance presented here enables more effective use of information on how studied factors affect the means of dependent variable. The specificity of this approach is based on alternative multiple comparison procedure incorporating orthogonal contrasts to determine homogeneous groups

Identification of representative segment of root for colour determination of carrot

The aim of the work was to verify hypothesis that colour of longitudinal section of carrot root may be represented by a selected segment of root or a cross-section. An image analysis was based on image data obtained for longitudinal sections of carrot roots using flatbed scanner and graphics editing software. Colour images were acquired into sRGB colour space and converted to CIE Lab. Sixteen segments of equal height were separated over whole length of root image. The colour difference metric was determined to present how colour of each segment differs from the mean colour of whole root. The root section was considered to be representative for whole root if colour difference metric was the least. The analysis of results confirmed a research hypothesis and allowed for finding representative section which was located at 10⁄16 of total root length measuring from the carrot root head